One of the well-known definitions of AI (Artificial Intelligence), already presented, was formulated by Marvin Lee Minsky: “To cause the machine to behave in a way that would have been considered intelligent had a person behaved in that way.”
Its advantage is that it is broad enough and therefore able to include ideas, methods, and means different. Its main drawback, however, is the use of the term ‘intelligent’ in the human context – A term that has not yet been unambiguously characterized by the scientific disciplines involved In the subject. Moreover, when interested in defining the discipline for national security and recommending a policy regarding it, a more dichotomous definition is needed that will allow a decision as to what is to be included in it and what is irrelevant to it.
It has been argued, for example, that “AI is a widespread tool that allows people to think Re on how information is received, data is analyzed and resulting insights are applied, To improve decision-making. “The Writers of the study, Darle West and John Allen believe For although there is no agreed uniform definition, it is correct to treat AI as “Machines that consistently respond to stimuli, in traditional responses attributed to humans, given The human ability to observe, judge and mean. “In their view, AI depends On data that can be analyzed in real-time and which can affect concrete problems. terms Necessary for the development of successful artificial intelligence, in their view, is the existence of “accessible data” For inquiry “in the research community.
AI Applications
According to Shubhando, Viji Jaiswal is considering “artificial intelligence applications” to make decisions that usually require a level of human expertise “and help people anticipate problems or cope With issues that arise. This is how they act in a deliberate, intelligent, and adaptive manner. After discussing some of the theoretical definitions, it is worth examining how the practitioners’ factor in research and development or in the regulation and legislation of AI is defined for the purpose of practice Practical in it.
Despite the general definition of DARPA mentioned earlier – “programmed capability Process Information “, It is important to clarify that not every computer system uses AI. AI algorithms are designed to make decisions and usually do by using the data entered into them in real-time. When they are used on top of different systems, these are not passive machines capable of mechanical or permanent reactions only in advance, as we are accustomed to in the age of automation) like automatic doors, or even different programs in the washing machine (but these are machines that with the help of sensors, data Digital and even remote inputs are able to combine the information from sources different, analyze it immediately, and act according to the insights derived from the data.
This is possible Sophistication and speed in receiving the data, which were not possible before. As far as the US administration is concerned, there is no single official definition of AI, And different agencies may define it differently and relevant to their needs. However, a series of Laws regulating the budget of the U.S. Department of Defense (Defense National FY2019 Act Authorization) provides a definition of artificial intelligence for the purpose of enacting section 238, Engaged in research and development of the field:
Any artificial system that performs tasks, in changing and unforeseen circumstances, without Significant human supervision, or that can learn from experience and improve its performance when It is exposed to databases. The artificial system developed in the computer software, the physical hardware, or in another context, Solves tasks that require perception, cognition, planning, learning, communication, or action Physically similar to those of a human.
Artificial System Designed to Think
An artificial system designed to think or act like a human being, and includes architecture Cognitive and neural networks. A set of techniques that include machine learning is designed to evaluate a cognitive task. An artificial system designed to operate rationally such as ‘intelligent agent software’ Agent Software Intelligent) or a robot, which achieves goals through the use of perception, reasoning, communication, learning, planning, decision making, and action.
This definition is quite detailed and indeed suitable for legislative purposes. It also helps, by comparison To other settings, decide which areas of programming and computing do not belong to the discipline of AI. However, it is quite long and technical. In light of the purpose of this essay – To make the knowledge of AI accessible to decision-makers as well as recommend policies In the field of national security – it requires a shorter and simpler definition like that of DARPA.
This definition fits the purposes of this essay more than Minsky’s definition. For example, because It does not address the issue of controversial human intelligence and in fact. It allows you to include in its framework a variety of applications. Or processing methods that are currently accepted and even Leave an opening for future developments. Without burdening them with technical details that their understanding requires expertise. Even if this definition may allow for the inclusion of “inferior”. Capabilities of computing and processing, as explained in the division into waves. Some of the methods and perceptions of the wave the first are still extremely useful in various fields. And applications and therefore have value.
However, in cases where it is necessary for decision-makers to reduce the width of the sheet in order to examine. Whether any development meets the definition of AI or not. One can refer to intelligence Artificial as a possibility for creating knowledge and insights that did not exist before. From Information and through machines and computers. This definition focuses on a programmed ability to process information. Which came up in the deliberations of the advisory committee for this study distinguishes a considerable part of my applications
AI and computing applications, in general, allows the reduction of the general definition In a way that can still include multiple applications and serve a wide range of domains, while Emphasis on creating new knowledge.
Therefore, the guiding definition of this essay is: AI is the use of information and systems A computer that allows you to display behavior that looks intelligent or create knowledge and insights that do not Have existed before. This definition is broad enough to include technologies and applications Of different types and allows for extensive reference to different types of needs in order to realize These capabilities.
On the other hand, this definition is narrow enough that it will not include any Areas of computing wherever they are, but only those in which the features of AI come expressed.
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